MarkIVBigBlock,
Well, the .44 mag from a rifle might be okey-dokey in the part of Michigan where you hunt, but it sure wouldn't be my first choice in the parts of California where I hunt hogs currently and have hunted them in the past.
It's not a distance issue. In the rolling oak / grassland hills of the Central Coast, the longest shot I've ever taken on a hog was right around 200 yards. Dittos for some of the Channel Island hog hunts I've been on. Most of the the hogs that I've shot have been somewhere between 100 and 200 yards.
The issue, as I stated before, is having enough penetration to get through the gristle plate, bust the near side shoulder, take out the lungs, bust the off-side shoulder, and go through the gristle plate on the off-side.
Here's a little ballistics compairison.....
The .30-'06 with the 180 grain Barnes 'X' bullet can be loaded to exit the muzzle of my CZ 550 at a tick over 2800 feet per second, which gives me a muzzle energy figure of 3133 foot pounds. At 100 yards, my bullet is moving along at 2622 feet per second and hitting the target with 2747 foot pounds of bone-crushing thump. I'm getting all of that with a bullet that also has a sectional density of .286 Even the 300grn .429 bullets fall a little short in terms of SD at .232. As you probably know, sectional density is a key factor in penetration. Of course, mass is, too. But let's assume that you're shooting the more common 240 grain bullets. These will have an SD of .186.
You'll be able to drive 240 grain bullets out of the muzzle of a .44 Magnum rifle at around 1680 fps or so. To make the math easy, we'll round that up to 1700.
Assuming that you get 1700 fps velocity or close to it, you'll have around 1540 foot pounds of energy at the muzzle, or roughly half of what I get from my .30-'06. At 100 yards, your bullet will be zipping along at 1366 feet per second and will thump the target with 994 foot pounds of energy.
In other words, I'm going to be hitting the pig with close to 2/3 more energy and two times the velocity, and I'm going to be doing it with a bullet that has a far superior sectional density and enough mass to keep on keepin' on.
I've never hunted hogs in Michigan, or anything else in that state, for that matter, and I'm not saying that a .44 mag can't down a pig.
But if you ask me how dead I want my California hog to be when it hits the ground, I would say that I want it as dead as I can make it. I want to drop it where it stands when I shoot it, not merely kill it. And I want to do that with the first shot.
That's why I wouldn't be too proud to cary a more powerful rifle on a pig hunt than my trusty .30-'06, and wouldn't consider using a less powerful one.
Your results, as they say, may vary.
Blessings,
-JP